Introduction Peripheral vascular injury can be life-threatening or limb-threatening.  Proper understanding of pathology and management is important in the ER. Vascular injuries can be internal and may not be obvious on presentation. Patients with blunt or penetrating trauma who remain hypotensi...

Continuous quantitative waveform capnography, also known as end-tidal carbon dioxide, PetCO2, or ETCO2, is a measurement of the partial pressure of CO2 in the exhaled breath. This technology has been around since the mid-19th century and only relatively recently has its potential in emergency medicine begun to be explored. [...]

Sepsis is the most common cause of death in children worldwide. What is the optimal evaluation and management of pediatric sepsis?

Included below is a summary of numerous blog posts and podcasts that discuss the sometimes controversial issue of permissive hypotension or minimum volume resuscitation in the bleeding trauma patient. The Basics Idea of keeping BP low in traumatic hemorrhage to avoid “popping the clot” Ba...

Does End Tidal CO2 correlate with PaCO2 in Traumatic Brain Injury? Your neurosurgeons and trauma team have accepted a transfer to your hospital for intensive management of a trauma patient who presented to a small community hospital with a traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and epidural hematoma a...

Concussion is a type of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that classically occurs in sports-related incidents but can be due to any traumatic force to the brain. The term concussion stems from the Latin word, concussus, which means “to shake violently." While sport is the most common cause of con...

Rapid evaluation and management of the sick neonate is a required skill for the emergency physician. Here we present a brief but comprehensive strategy for resuscitating and stabilizing the critically ill neonate as well as some mnemonics for help remembering the differential diagnosis.