Vivek Medepalli

EM@3AM: Polyarteritis Nodosa

A 59-year-old male presents to the ED with abdominal pain, hematuria, and rectal bleeding for the 5 days. His symptoms have been associated with unintentional weight loss, intermittent fevers, skin rash, and fatigue over the past 3 months. He has a past history of hepatitis B, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Vital signs include blood pressure 162/103 mm Hg (last measured 118/82 5 months ago, per records), HR 101, RR 18, SpO2 98% on room air. Exam is notable for generalized abdominal tenderness, guaiac positive stool, and generalized purpuric rash over bilateral lower extremities. Labs demonstrate Cr 2.9 (baseline 1.1) and elevated ESR and CRP. What is the most likely diagnosis, and what are the next steps in management?

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EM@3AM: Pertussis

A 3-month-old male presents with persistent fever, decreased oral intake, and worsening cough associated with post-tussive emesis for the five days. Parents state that the patient’s older sibling has had similar symptoms for the past two weeks and that neither child has received vaccinations after birth. The patient presents with BP 98/64 mm Hg, HR 160, RR 62, T 38.1ºC. Physical exam demonstrates an ill-appearing infant with bilateral conjunctival hemorrhage, dry cough, and inspiratory “whooping” sound. What is the most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms and what are the next steps in management?

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EM@3AM: Mitral Regurgitation

A 63-year-old male presents to the ED complaining of sudden onset shortness of breath for the past 2 hours. He has a history of CAD, HTN, and T2DM He states that he has been compliant with his medications. BP 97/68, HR 108, RR 21, 92% RA. Physical exam is notable for a holosystolic murmur most prominent over the apex and radiating to the axilla, mild bibasilar rales, JVD, and 2+ lower extremity pitting edema. What is the most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms and what are the next steps in management?

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