ENT

EM@3AM: Malignant/Necrotizing Otitis Externa

A 68-year-old male with a history of poorly controlled diabetes presents to the ED with increasing right-sided ear and facial pain, swelling, and difficulty hearing for two weeks.  He says the pain is worse at night and when he is chewing. Today, he noticed his right face looked swollen and he had an unequal smile. Triage vital signs include BP 130/75 mm Hg, HR 90 bpm, T 37C, RR 15 breaths per minute, SpO2 98% on room air.  A point of care glucose is 148 mg/dL.  On exam, the right side of the patient’s face is notably swollen. The right ear is anteriorly displaced by surrounding edema and is erythematous with malodorous discharge.  There is facial asymmetry that involves the forehead.  Otoscopic exam reveals granulation tissue.

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EM@3AM: Auricular Hematoma

A 24-year-old male presents to the ED from a mixed marital arts competition after being struck on the side of the right head by a fist earlier today. The patient denies any loss of consciousness, neck pain, vomiting, or use of blood thinners. His vital signs include BP 133/82, HR 76, T 97.5, RR 15, SpO2 99% on room air. On exam there is no periorbital ecchymosis, eye trauma, hemotympanum, facial tenderness, or trismus. On evaluation of the right ear a fluctuant and tender area is noted to the superior portion of the ear. The area of fluctuance measures approximately 3 cm in diameter. What is the diagnosis?

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EM@3AM: Suppurative Parotitis

A 75-year-old male presents to the ED with right facial swelling since last night. He is also complaining of pain and subjective fevers. Initial vital signs include BP of 150/85, HR 103, T 100.8, RR 18, SpO2 97% on RA. Exam reveals the patient to be ill-appearing with a focal area of swelling medially to his right ear that is warm and tender to palpation. His oral mucosa is dry. He has multiple dental caries and poor dentition overall. Massage of the area of swelling reveals purulent drainage from the oral mucosa near the right maxillary molars.  What is the most likely diagnosis?

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EM@3AM: Cerumen Impaction

A 17-year-old male with no past medical history presents to the ED with a complaint of right ear fullness and hearing loss which has been present for the last month. He reports that he tried to clean out his ear 3 days ago with a cotton-tipped swab but has had worsening of the pain and hearing loss after attempting this. HEENT exam reveals normal external auditory canal and tympanic membrane on the left, but you are unable to visualize the right tympanic membrane due to cerumen impaction. What is the next step in management of this patient?

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EM@3AM: Epiglottitis

A 33-year-old male presents to the ED for odynophagia and mild dyspnea. He has had pain with swallowing for the past 24 hours and it has gotten progressively worse. He is having difficulty tolerating oral secretions. VS include BP 91/49, HR 130, T 102.2 temporal, RR 25, SpO2 91% on room air. He appears toxic.  The ENT exam reveals a midline uvula; cervical lymphadenopathy; soft mouth floor, and no evidence of dental infection, no neck erythema, though voice changes. He has severe pain with palpation of the hyoid bone. What’s the most likely diagnosis?

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EM@3AM: Retropharyngeal Abscess

A 3-year-old male is brought in by his mother for severe throat pain and lethargy. She notes that he is playing less, refusing to eat, and preferring to lie supine. Review of systems is remarkable for a recent small fall with his toothbrush in his mouth. Triage vital signs include BP 91/49, HR 141, T 103.1 temporal, RR 25, SpO2 96% on room air. He appears toxic and is lying supine. The oropharyngeal exam is normal, but the patient has prominent generalized cervical lymphadenopathy, torticollis, and a painful tracheal rock. The patient has no voice changes but does not want to extend his neck. What’s the most likely diagnosis?

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